When I first learned of the 135W bridge collapse in Minneapolis, I was stunned. It so defies my concept of the place.
The adjectives haphazard, jerry-built or “structurally deficient” don’t come to mind for Minnesota — I’ve always thought of it as solid and dependable and safe. Maybe this come of having a mother who worked in preventive medicine at the Mayo Clinic, but I think of Minnesota as a showplace for OSHA. For example, until this, I believe the state had the fewest highway fatalities per miles driven of any in the country. Dangerous is not a word that comes to mind when describing the social, political, or psychological makeup of the place — or the physical infrastructure, either.
I think it’s born of weather. When climate comes at you in such overwhelming bellows of God’s breath, from thunderstorms to tornadoes to blizzards, you learn to build things solid and safe so you can rely on ’em.
It so surprised me that at first I had a hard time placing which bridge they meant. I was checking the startribune web site and happened on the front page blurb a short while after the collapse. I confused it with the I 94 bridge, running east / west over the Mississippi toward St. Paul.
And then I realized what bridge it was — in my old neighborhood. I lived in Southeast Minneapolis off and on from 1974 to 1980. I not only drove over that bridge frequently, I worked at a building a block or so away and below that bridge for a while.
I had a pretty good college job as a janitor, excellent pay, and for a year I cleaned the physics building that housed the tandem nuclear accelerator built down on the river flats. A physics student told me it was one of only ten tandem nuclear accelerators in the world. It had been closed down a few years earlier, embittering many of the professors, and was rumored to be sold, perhaps to China.
Walking from the main campus down a long, meandering metal stairway built into the bluff, and then back to my apartment after work, I strolled under the now-collapsed I 35 West bridge many times, as well as the bridge next to it, the 10th avenue bridge, where anti-nuclear activists used to spray paint warnings on the walkway: “Danger! You are passing by the U of M’s nuclear facility! Pass at your own risk!!!”
As if walking by might mutate us all into goblins or give us children like orcs.
But the three mile island disaster had happened a year earlier, in ’79, so people were spooked. I knew that the minute amount of fissionable material on the site was kept locked away deep inside in a lead vault. This wasn’t a nuclear reactor generating juice. I used to laugh with the physics folks about it — their fissionable material was as much like a nuclear reactor as a safety match was like the Chicago Fire.
It never occurred to any of us that the greatest danger in the vicinity would prove to be one of the nearby bridges, high over us.
During the first reports, it seemed miraculous to me that they weren’t reporting any fatalities. Slowly, that changed, and I was sad this morning to hear of how many people are now missing. It’s so awful — you only hope it was quick.
I’ve heard several witnesses interviewed, and a few of them have commented on how it took a few moments for them to even realize it was a catastrophe. The concept of an interstate freeway collapsing is so alien they thought it was some kind of demolition — it just never occurred to them that they were watching a disaster.
If you’ve ever had a breaking news story happen somewhere familiar to you, you know how the facts get garbled. I turned on the cable news channels after I read of the collapse, and followed their coverage. One of the broadcasts got hold of this Minnesota DOT description of roadwork being done on I 35 West at Minnehaha Parkway, near Minnehaha creek.
If you go to Google maps and plug in “minnehaha parkway 35 W Minneapolis” then expand the map out and you’ll see how far away that roadwork is, at Minnehaha creek, roughly five miles south of where I 35 W crosses the Mississippi river.
But the crack investigative reporters at the network had a lead on the I 35 West roadwork being done. And breaking the story and keeping the patter going was more important than verification — no matter how easily it could have been verified.
(As an aside, anyone familiar with Longfellow’s Song of Hiawatha (once a schoolhouse staple), knows the name of the Indian princess Minnehaha (for “laughing water”) is pronounced with a long E: minn-E-ha-ha. The broadcaster kept pronouncing it like the e in the state’s name: Minn-uh-ha-ha.)
It is true, apparently, that they were re-paving the surface of the collapsed bridge, but I’ve never heard of re-paving causing a structural collapse, have you?
I’ll be curious to hear what did cause the disaster. So far, they say it could not have been terrorist activity. And that’s almost certainly true. The fundamentalist fanatics have not been shy about boasting of their attacks, and have not claimed credit for this.
But there is the tiniest niggling doubt in the back of my head. I’ve been down on those river flats, down the steep leafy slopes along the river, I know how quiet it is down there, dark nights, with that wonderful murky river flowing nearby. It’s not hard to imagine someone working quickly to weaken a structure, a structure that had been inspected twice recently, in 2005 and 2006 and found safe. I’m trying to ignore the little voice that says every time we’ve adjusted to their methods they’ve devised something new.
So, I’d bet it wasn’t terrorism. But there is a part of me that is still in disbelief, like those witnesses for whom it took a while to register that they were seeing a catastrophe. It so contradicts our concept of the place — this is one of those things you watch on TV elsewhere, on exotic, distant and dangerous continents, not stolid, safe Minnesota.
I understand it was not found safe in 2005, that it was in fact found “structurally deficient” by the federal government, and in need of repair or replacement.
This isn’t a terrorist attack, it’s crumbling infrastructure. Spending all our blood and treasure overseas has an impact here at home.
Interesting. I hadn’t heard that the structure was found deficient in ‘05, I thought it had passed the inspection.
You mean it was found deficient and they let people keep using it?
Quick search brings up this.
Yeah, I’ve read that now in the Startribune site. One of the paper’s columnists has this:
Nick Coleman: Public anger will follow our sorrow.
http://www.startribune.com/10204/story/1339911.html
And rightly so. I’m just incredulous that it was found “structurally deficient” and kept open.
I dropped a quick line to my friends back home, and got this back from one of them.
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>You, yours, and all you know are okay, right?
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Thanks so much for contacting us Ben. We are all OK. What was most scary was I traveled the bridge twice yesterday, and K–, on her way home, detoured one block away as traffic was backed up. She heard sirens and saw ambulances soon after. So, just knowing she was that close, makes us really appreciate being safe now.
I thought of you this morning, remembering back to the Bay Bridge collapse years ago, and talking with you then. I would guess my reactions were similar to yours then. The whole thing is so surreal. From first hearing of it, and seeing the scene, your mind just doesn’t want to accept what you are seeing. Then mentally racing through all the names of your friends and relatives who might have been there. Fortunately, those I know are safe.
My heart goes out to the people dealing with such tragic losses today. Turning on CNN and hearing about the tragedy in Minnesota only adds to the shock. Several co-workers of both K– and myself have called today to make sure we were OK. Minnesota has really shown itself again as group of caring folks through this ordeal, as you may have seen in reports. A school bus of 60 or so kids fell and landed on its tires by a burning semi. People who had also fallen but were able to walk physically moved the kids off the bus and bridge to safety and all, miraculously, were transported to safety.
The Twins, who learned of the tragedy right before game time, chose to play to help prevent a mass crowd exodus. Today, the news is mixed with the day after interviews, questions, and more information. Of course there are, according to the most recent report, 30 people still missing, not a good sign.
Wow, the things we take for granted as we wander from place to place during our days.
No question I am counting our blessings today.
Thanks again Ben for thinking of us. I hope all is well for you guys also.
P–
Is the Bay Bridge structurally unsound? I think it might be. What happens if they close it down and the replacement isn’t going to be finished for many years?
I’m glad to have heard all your relatives and friends are alright and accounted for.
Maybe they should post great big warnings at the entrances.
20 Most Deficient, Heavily-Trafficked Bridges:
20.2%. New Jersey: Raritan River Smith St. Bridge over the Garden State Parkway. Daily commuter load of 208,000.
23.6%. New Jersey: Elizabeth River Bridge over the Garden State Parkway. Daily commuter load of 198,200.
27.2%. New Jersey: Port Reading Bridge over Grove Avenue. Daily commuter load of 191,530.
32%. New York: Lee Avenue Bridge (Section A) over Route I-278. Daily commuter load of 202,650.
32.1%. California: San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge (Ala-Oak) over I-80. Daily commuter load of 277,700.
32.1%. Hawaii: Kapalama Canal over Halona Street. Daily commuter load of 211,528.
34%. New York: Joralemon Street Bridge over Route I-278. Daily commuter load of 202,650.
35%. Illinois: Stewart Avenue Bridge over I-90. Daily commuter load of 238,500.
36%. Colorado: South Platte River Bridge over I-25ML. Daily commuter load of 208,353.
42.5%. Virginia: Boundary Channel Bridge over Shirley Memorial Highway. Daily commuter load of 210,993.
46.3%. Georgia: Banberry Road Bridge over I-75. Daily commuter load of 266,060.
46.3%. California: San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge (SF section) over I-80. Daily commuter load of 204,900.
46.3%. New Jersey: Elizabeth River Bridge over Garden State Parkway. Daily commuter load of 198,200.
47%. California: 5th Avenue Bridge over I-880. Daily commuter load of 240,000.
48%. California: Noakes Street Bridge over I-710. Daily commuter load of 240,000.
49%.New Jersey: Route-21 Bridge over I-280. Daily commuter load of 518,100.
49%. California: Bayshore Viaduct over Rte 101. Daily commuter load of 256,700.
49%. New York: Lee Avenue Bridge (Section C) over I-278. Daily commuter load of 202,650.
49%. Massachusetts: Cape Cod Canal over Route 28. Daily commuter load of 195,000.
50%. California: Metrolink over I-710. Daily commuter load of 235,440.
Oh but look at this, the SF Chron doesn’t even mention the Bay Bridge. Wouldn’t want people to know?
This Caltrans saying it’s okay is BS. Minnesota’s governor was claiming that their state transportation department had certified that bridge too while the national bridge inventory is saying these bridges are in bad shape.
Incidentally I just saw that Minnesota spent a half billion dollars on a new baseball stadium. Apparently the grand opening has been delayed because of the bridge collapsing.
The Bay Bridge was “repaired” before it re-opened, although it would take a gaggle of civil engineers to explain what level of safey was achieved or vulnerability remains and even then they would dooubtless argue some points.
I do know they were surprised by some of the evidence they found post ‘89 quake, how some bolts were sheered off, and how other elements maintained their integrity. I do remember how they went over it with great interest, and seeing those articles in the news.
But the suspension portion (between Treasure island and SF) has usually been considered stronger. That’s why they are only replacing the Oakland side, which has the cantilever design, with a suspension bridge.
Thanks for the bridge info. But I noticed one very odd thing. The list sems to break the bay bridge into its separate sections — yet it gives different numbers for the commute load — hard for me to believe that of the 277,700 who drive the Oakland section, only 204,900 drive the SF side. That’s a lot of people getting off at treasure island. (Which, technically is part of SF, so gets much traffic from the City.)
Re the Twins, what was delayed was the groundbreaking ceremony for the new ballpark.
It is being built farther west from the Metrodome, which will still be use by the Twins for another year or two.
This was your neighborhood? That must be incredibly unsettling.
I keep thinking about the collapse, imagining how it might have played out.
I lived in 6 different apartments in SE Minneapolis, after I left the dorms at what Minnesotans call “the U.” Some just for the summer, others during the school year.
The closest one was a 3-4 block walk down to the river flats, so I walked down to work often.
About 10 years ago I drove down there to see the old lab building that housed the nuclear accelerator. It looked like it had been added on to, and had a new use; but I don’t even remember what, if anything, the signage now said. No longer having the keys, I couldn’t go inside.
Amuirin, it’s just surreal to imagine that bridge down. To be honest, I’m trying to remember if it was a half block away or farther — but I’m sure anyone in the building got quite a jolt of adrenaline when that bridge came down.
If you want to get a sense of the area, go to Google maps. Paste this in the locator:
11th Ave SE & SE 2nd St, Minneapolis, Hennepin, Minnesota 55414, United States
and hit return. (It may give you options: any saying “SE” will work).
Once you get the map, click on the satellite feature (or, even better “hybrid”), and you’ll have a view of it. You can click on the map and move it around, to see different areas, and the “zoom” feature at left will move you closer or farther out.
You know what? I just tried it myself. And I think the building under and just to the left of 35W is the old Physics building I worked in, over 25 years ago.
Wow. That must be a strange experience, to see your old building
Your intro into this post, about the words that don’t fit the place and how you think it has to do with weather — I think it’s born of weather. When climate comes at you in such overwhelming bellows of God’s breath, from thunderstorms to tornadoes to blizzards, you learn to build things solid and safe so you can rely on ’em. — it really underlined the unreality of this catastrophe.
Thanks for writing this on Minnesota. Good points about the people and culture here:
“Dangerous is not a word that comes to mind when describing the social, political, or psychological makeup of the place — or the physical infrastructure, either.”
So true. Commonsense, dependability, and stalwartness are more in line. It is strange to think of this happening in a place like Minnesota. I do think it’s the winters that make us so careful.
When’s the last time you were here in Minneapolis? Any plans to come back for a visit?
We went often earlier this decade. Shortly after I first met Roberta we went in May ‘01, rented a car and toured the state (Itasca, Gunflint trail, Duluth, Roch., etc.) In ‘02 we went in August and Sept. to the state fair (great fun for Roberta, she was amazed by the older architecture & sense of tradition), and focused mostly on the Twin Cities. In ‘03 we were back for Thanksgiving; but haven’t been back since.
Didn’t really intend that, just has happened that way. Also, I like to travel with the two big dogs we have now, so have stayed out west, mostly, for our trips. Places within a day’s drive (Pac. Northwest, Sierras).
Did one of my comments disappear?
It may be an ominous sign that most of the bridges sited in the link provided by whig, the “20 Most Deficient, Heavily-Trafficked Bridges” are part of the Interstate Highway system initiated and funded by the Eisenhower Administration. This particular bridge I believe was opened to traffic in 1967.
There are about 600,000 bridges in the United States and they all must be replaced at some point.
http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/metropolitan/5027754.html
Failures are still considered rare, but with time and a lack of infrastructure funding, this may not always be the case. Apparently, thousands of bridges nationwide are considered “structurally deficient” as was the bridge in Minnesota.
http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/editorials/articles/2007/08/03/a_warning_from_minnesota/
I believe we are seeing the same phenomena with natural gas explosions. Perhaps it’s my imaginations, but it seems that every year there are more reported stories of homes or businesses simply exploding, with the final determination being a gas leak. The gaslines are getting old, they are pressurized; the earth shifts and is constantly in motion, however minutely.
The foundations of the country have reached middle age. We no longer contruct buildings and bridges of stone, intending them to last hundreds of years.
Concrete is a cheap and quick building material.
As with so many things in the western world, money is the determining factor; time is money and expediency is of the essence…
Guy, I agree — thinking of our infrastructure as middle-aged is a good way to put it. Maybe if we put our resources into improving our own country rather than running that vast inadvertent recruitment campaign for al Qaeda in Iraq, we could get back to governance on our own continent, for a change.
One only hopes the next administration is more concerned with the practical, pragmatic welfare of Americans and less concerned about ideologically forcing their own beliefs on wary to hostile foreigners.
Ben- I just about stood up and cheered when I read your last.